Bokeh is the blur in out-of-focus areas of an image and has been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light". Bokeh occurs for parts of the scene that lie outside the depth of field. The term bokeh comes from the Japanese word boke, which means 'blur' or 'haze', and is also used in the sense of a mental haze.
In order to create bokeh in an image, a fast lens is needed - one with at least an f/2.8 aperture. The lens will need to be wide open, so a shooting mode of Aperture Priority or Manual will need to be selected. Manual mode lets the user select both the aperture and shutter speed, whereas Aperture Priority allows the user to choose the f/stop while the camera chooses the appropriate shutter speed for exposure.
To increase the amount of visible bokeh in photographs, the distance between the subject and the background needs to be increased, e.g. by decreasing the distance between the camera and the subject. Highlights hitting the background will show more visible bokeh as well, so if a backlight, side light or a hair light is used, the bokeh will be more aesthetically pleasing.
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